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The Gulf Coast Toad (Incilius nebulifer) is a toad of the south central United States, mainly Texas and Louisiana. It ranges south into Mexico and Central America. It was formerly known as Bufo valliceps and later Incilius valliceps. The first four shots on this page were taken in Dripping Springs, Hays Co., Texas, in July, 2012, with a Canon EOS 1D Mark IV and an EF 300mm F/4 L IS lens and 1.4X extender.


The Gulf Coast Toad is a medium sized toad species, ranging from 2 to 4 in (5.1 to 10 cm) in length. Their back varies in color from nearly black, to shades of brown and grey with a distinctive white or yellowish colored stripe down the center, and sometimes lighter colored patches on the sides. Their underside is yellow or cream colored. Their back is covered in small tubercles, while their underside is normally devoid of them.
I. nebulifer has the most extensive ridging of any toad in its geographic range. The ridges extend from the nose, to the back of the head, and with a branch that wraps around the back side of the eye.


The Gulf Coast Toad is found in a wide range of habitats, including open grassland, semi-arid regions, light forest, and even suburban backyards. They are typically found not far from a permanent water source, which they use for breeding in the spring, but they are capable of travelling long distances while foraging for food.